Bharat Stage VI in 3 years Race over speedbumps Written by Anil Sasi.Updated February 2.The BS or Bharat Stage emission standards are norms instituted by the government to regulate the output of air pollutants from internal combustion engine equipment, including motor vehicles.From April 1, all of India moves to Bharat Stage IV BS IV vehicular emission norms, already in place in several parts of the country.The fuel sector has said it is committed to the move, but sections of the auto sector continue to lobby hard for a relaxation in the deadline, citing the need to liquidate unsold stock with older emissions technology.According to the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers SIAM, while the inventory for cars 2.March 3. 1, 2. 01.Educator Crackers.Educator brand crackers were produced in Boston from 1885 through the 1980s.They were a direct early competitor to the National Biscuit Company.Bharat StageVI in 3 years Race over speedbumps Dirty air is a public health emergency.But it wont be easy to jump straight from BSIV to BSVI emission norms.A bigger bugbear for the sector is the fact that under the auto fuel policy, the intermediate BS V level is to be skipped, and automakers and fuel suppliers are expected to leapfrog straight to BS VI norms by April 1, 2.The Ministry of Road Transport Highways had issued a draft notification to this effect on February 1.Environment Minister Anil Dave said the government remains committed to meeting that deadline.Need For Speed Road Challenge Crackers' title='Need For Speed Road Challenge Crackers' />The implementation of the intermediate stage BS V standard was originally scheduled for 2.While this stage has been bypassed, the BS VI standard, originally proposed to come in by 2.India made at the Climate Change Conference in Paris in 2.Indian cities, led by Delhi.Automakers have maintained that the shift to BS VI norms may not bring any perceptible change in air quality but may increase car prices by Rs 2.Rs 2 lakh, and that it will be a challenge to upgrade technologies to meet the higher norms in the available time.Indias emissions standards.The BS or Bharat Stage emission standards are norms instituted by the government to regulate the output of air pollutants from internal combustion engine equipment, including motor vehicles.India has been following the European Euro emission norms, though with a time lag of five years.India introduced emission norms first in 1.Fuel specifications based on environmental considerations were notified first in April 1.BIS 2. 00. 0 standards.Following the landmark Supreme Court order of April 1.Centre notified Bharat Stage I BIS 2.Bharat Stage II norms, broadly equivalent to Euro I and Euro II respectively.BS II was for the NCR and other metros BS I for the rest of India.From April 2. 00.Auto Fuel Policy of 2.BS III and BS II fuel quality norms came into existence for 1.From April 2. 01.BS IV and BS III norms were put in place in 1.India respectively.As per the roadmap in the auto fuel policy, BS V and BS VI norms were to be implemented from April 1, 2.April 1, 2. 02. 4, respectively.But in November 2.Road Transport Ministry issued a draft notification advancing the implementation of BSV norms for new four wheel vehicle models to April 1, 2.April 1, 2. 02. 0.The corresponding dates for BS VI norms were brought forward to April 1, 2. 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April 1, 2. 02. 2, respectively.The decision to leapfrog to BS VI from April 1, 2.BS V all together.A few question marks.There are questions about the ability of oil marketing companies to quickly upgrade fuel quality from BS III and BS IV standards to BS VI, which is likely to cost upwards of Rs 4.More challenging is the task of getting auto firms to make the leap.Automakers have said that going to BS VI directly would leave them with not enough time to design changes in their vehicles, considering that two critical components diesel particulate filter and selective catalytic reduction module would have to be adapted to Indias peculiar conditions, where running speeds are much lower than in Europe or the US.These challenges are very real note that the penetration of BS IV motor spirit petrol in the domestic market a full four years after its introduction in the metros, was just about 2.BS IV high speed diesel only 1.Also, the rollout model of introducing higher grade fuel and vehicles first in the cities has fundamental drawbacks, as was evident in the BS IV implementation.In the periphery of designated BS IV cities, BS III vehicles could be registered BS IV vehicles especially heavy vehicles were more expensive, and BS III fuel was cheaper than the BS IV equivalent.And interstate trucks and buses, the biggest polluters, were forced to stay on with BS III engines simply because the fuel outside cities did not conform to BS IV norms.Need for investments.The government has been unable to move entirely to BS IV because refiners have been unable to produce the superior fuel in required quantities.Broadly, BS IV petrol and diesel have 5.BS III standards.Oil companies are learnt to have put in Rs 3.Oil firms will have to invest another about Rs 4.BS VI additional investments by automakers will inevitably raise the prices of vehicles.Technological requirements.The auto industry argues that the huge improvements in vehicular technology since 2.India due to Indian driving, road and ambient conditions.The technology that will be used in future BS VI vehicles, though, will have considerable impact, they claim.BS V diesel vehicles were to have engine upgrades, particulate filters, lots of sensors, and electronic control.Petrols were to have catalyst and electronic control upgrades.Industry estimates of required investment to upgrade from BS IV to BS V are to the tune of Rs 5.Vehicles must be fitted with DPF diesel particulate filter, which has its specific problems in the Indian context illustrated in graphic.Also, DPF would have to be optimised for Indian conditions.The technology available in Europe cant be used directly, claim auto majors.Low driving speeds would make it difficult to achieve temperatures of 6.Celsius required to burn the soot in DPF, and equipment manufacturers would have to work with temperatures of 4.Usually, diesel is injected to increase temperatures, but the accumulation of excess fuel in the compartment can cause a fire.The integrity of the vehicle too has to be considered.This would require validation tests over 6.BS VI vehicles also have to be equipped with an SCR selective catalytic reduction module see graphic the optimisation and fitment of which too could take an estimated 3 4 years.At every stage, the technology is getting more complex.To attain the specified super low emissions, all reactions have to be precise, and controlled by microprocessors.Since BS V is to be skipped entirely, both DPF and SCR would need to be fitted together for testing, which, auto firms say, would make it extremely difficult to detect which of the technologies is at fault in case of errors in the system.Ideally, the technologies must be introduced in series, and then synergised.Notwithstanding that companies such as Bajaj Auto have come out openly in support of the transition deadlines, there are still question marks over whether auto firms would be able to switch to BS VI.Video of the day.For all the latest Explained News, download Indian Express App.
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